Being a pet owner may mean having to deal with emergency situations. Your pet may ingest a dangerous substance, experience minor or major injuries, or have an unexpected health emergency. The initial steps you take in these circumstances may save your pet’s life. The best offense is almost always a great defense, so being prepared is the most important aspect of any crisis response.  

The American Veterinary Medical Association and The Humane Society of the United States provide first aid kit checklists. First aid supplies can be purchased as a kit or the supplies can be purchased separately and kept in an easy-to-access place. Both agencies recommend keeping veterinary emergency numbers, poison control hotlines, and medical records in a water-proof bag so they can be easily accessed. Additionally, safety supplies such as a leash, muzzle, and pet carriers are important to keep you and your pet safe in situations where an animal may panic due to fear and pain. Finally, as with human first aid kits, a variety of bandages, hydrogen peroxide, thermometer, and blankets are all recommended. You can visit each organization’s website for specific checklists.

It is important to remember that any hurt or sick animal will be scared and could act out of character, biting or fighting your help. Keeping your pet calm, quiet, and warm will help ease the fear and allow you the ability to assess the situation. Even if you don’t believe your dog could ever bite you, applying a muzzle is the safest way to be sure. Your veterinarian can show you how to apply a safe muzzle made of almost any material. In situations where your pet is injured and bleeding, the most important first step is to apply pressure with your hand and a gauze pad. After 3-5 minutes, check the see if the bleeding has stopped/slowed and clotting has started. If broken bones are suspected, you can immobilize your pet using hard surfaces and blankets or towels.

There are online resources to help educate you and your family members how to best provide pet first aid. Additionally, your local veterinary office may provide training or help you to find a class near you. The couple of hours you spend learning how to respond in an emergency may mean the difference between life and death of your beloved furry friend.  Remember, though, any time you need to administer first aid to your pet, you should always follow up with a veterinarian as soon as possible. Your actions immediately following an emergency can save your pet’s life but proper medical treatment is vital to ensure his/her safety and continuing good health.